Code of Ethics

Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement

(Based on Elsevier recommendations and COPE's Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors)

Ethical guidelines for journal publication

The publication of an article in the peer-reviewed journals published by Yayasan Nurul Iman Muara Gading Mas represents a process of ongoing knowledge advancement. It directly reflects the quality of work of the authors and institutions supporting them. Peer-reviewed articles uphold and exemplify the scientific method. It is therefore imperative to establish standards of anticipated ethical conduct for all parties involved in publishing: the author, journal editor, peer reviewer, publisher, and society for society-owned or sponsored periodicals.

We are committed to guaranteeing that advertising, reprint, or other commercial revenue does not impact or influence editorial decisions. Additionally, the Editorial Board will assist in communications with other journals and/or publishers where this is beneficial for editors.

Duties of authors

Reporting standards

Authors reporting original research should present an accurate account of the work conducted as well as an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be accurately represented in the manuscript. The paper should contain adequate details and references to enable others to reproduce the study. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behaviour and are unacceptable.

Data access and retention

Authors may be requested to furnish the raw data in conjunction with a manuscript for editorial evaluation and should be prepared to retain such data for a reasonable duration following publication.

Originality and plagiarism

Authors should ensure they have composed wholly original works, and if they have utilized the work and/or words of others, they have appropriately cited or quoted it. Plagiarism manifests in numerous forms, from 'passing off' another's paper as one's own, to copying or paraphrasing substantial sections of another's work without attribution, to claiming results from research performed by others. Plagiarism in all its forms represents unethical publishing conduct and is unacceptable.

Multiple, redundant or concurrent publication

An author should generally not publish manuscripts depicting essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal simultaneously constitutes unethical publishing behaviour and is unacceptable. An author should typically not submit a previously published paper for consideration in another journal.

Acknowledgement of sources

Proper acknowledgment of others' work must always be provided. Authors should cite publications that have been influential in shaping the reported study. Information obtained privately through conversation, correspondence, or discussion with third parties must not be utilized or reported without explicit written permission from the source. Information garnered while providing confidential services such as refereeing manuscripts or grant applications must not be used without explicit written consent from the author of the work involved in these services.

Authorship of the paper

Authorship should be limited to those who have made significant contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those making significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where there are others who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors. The corresponding author should ensure all co-authors have seen and approved the final manuscript version and agreed to its submission for publication.

Hazards and human or animal subjects

If the work involves chemicals, procedures, or equipment with any unusual inherent hazards, the author must clearly identify these in the manuscript. If the work involves human or animal subjects, the author should ensure the manuscript states that all procedures complied with relevant laws and institutional guidelines, and appropriate institutional committee(s) approved them. Authors should include a statement that informed consent was obtained for experiments involving human subjects. The privacy rights of human subjects must always be respected.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

All authors should disclose any financial or other substantive conflict of interest in their manuscript that could be construed as influencing the results or interpretation. All funding sources for the project should be disclosed. Examples of potential conflicts of interest requiring disclosure include employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding. Potential conflicts of interest should be disclosed at the earliest opportunity.

Fundamental errors in published works

When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work, they have an obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate in retracting or correcting the paper. If the editor or publisher learns from a third party that a published work contains a significant error, the author has an obligation to promptly retract or correct the paper or provide evidence to the editor supporting the original paper's accuracy.

Duties of editors

Publication decisions

The editor of a peer-reviewed journal is responsible for determining which articles submitted to the journal should be published, often in conjunction with the relevant society for society-owned or sponsored journals. Such decisions must always be driven by validating the work in question and its importance to researchers and readers. The editor may be guided by the journal's editorial board policies and constrained by legal requirements regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. The editor may confer with other editors, reviewers, or society officers when making this decision.

Fair play

An editor should evaluate manuscripts for intellectual merit without regard to the race, gender, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political ideology of the authors.

Confidentiality

The editor and any editorial staff must not disclose information about a submitted manuscript to anyone except the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other advisory editors, and the publisher, as appropriate.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be utilized in an editor's own research without the express written consent of the author. Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Editors should recuse themselves from considering manuscripts where they have conflicts of interest arising from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any authors, companies, or institutions related to the papers. Editors should require all contributors to disclose relevant competing interests and publish corrections if competing interests surface.